Representing a composition - Constitutents of Air

How to use "Have", "Get", "Make", "Force", "Let", "Allow/Permit" and "Help" in active and passie voice

	Active	Passive
Have	subject + have + complement + verb in simple form	subject + have /get + complement + verb in past participle
Get	subject + get + complement + verb in infinitive
Make	subject + make + complement + verb in simple form
Force	subject + force + complement + verb in infinitive form
Let	subject + let + complement + verb in simple form
Allow/ Permit	subject + allow/permit + complement + verb in infinitive form
Help	subject + help + complement + verb in simple form/ verb in infinitive form

Tense - Verb - Where to use with examples

When a corelation exists between different parameters - the best way to represent is through curves

Behavior of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids

Facts about space

Representing Hydrocarbon chains - Sequence of hydrocarbon reaction to obtain various products

Tenses : Simple, Continuous, Perfect & Present, Past, Future

Facts about Sea

Facts about Ground

Representing a heirarchy or a sequence of steps or a stage wise progress

Facts about atmosphere - Pictorial Representaion - Statistical Data - Description

How to differentiate to similar english words - What to use when

Like	As
used to compare only nouns	used to compare clauses
one verb in a sentence	two verbs in a sentence
Mostly at the beginning of the sentence

Say	Tell
You say something	You tell someone something
uses the word “to” or “that” before the object	uses an object directly following
cannot be used with reported questions

Would Rather	Prefer
must always be followed by a verb	may or may not be followed by a verb
when two things are being compared, would rather is followed by than	when two things are being compared, prefer is followed by to.

Hope	Wish
Possibility	Definitely
Something possibly happened or will possibly happen.	something definitely did not happen or definitely will not happen
hope can be followed by any verb tense	wish must NEVER be followed by a present tense verb or auxiliary verb
	wish is very similar to a contrary to fact or unreal condition.
	The word that can be added or omitted with wish. The sentence is correct either way

Facts about people - Pictorial Representation to remember facts

Process Flow Diagram - To represent a process

A best way to represent a process is through a process flow diagram by following a standard legend to represent each and every part/stage

Detailing a part of an equipment by enlarging it from its location on the main equipment.

Pictorial Representation of Facts about Under Earth

Different units for measuring Weights and their conversion factors

3 tolas = 1 Palam

8 Palams = 1 Seer

5 Seers = 1 Viss

8 Visses = 1 maund

20 maunds = 1 candy

16 ounces = 1 Pound

14 Pounds = 1 Stone

2 Stones = 1 Quarter

4 Quarters = 1 hundred wt.(cwt)

20 cwts = 1 ton

1000 gms = 1 Kg

100 Kg = 1 Qunital

10 Quintals = 1 metric tonne

Units of Measurements - Area

120 Sq. Yards = 1 Sq. Rood

4 Sq. Roods = 1 acre

640 acres = 1 Sq. mile

English Keywords - how to remember the words of english

Dict – order

Demo – People

dol – pain, sorrow

duct, duc – lead

ego – self

eu – good, well

fac, fact, fic, fict – make, do

fer – carry

gen – birth, race

grad, gress – to step, go

ject, jet – throw

jud – judge

leg, lec, lex, locu, log – speak, read

lic, licit – permit

logo – word

luc, lum, lus – light, shine

Magn, maj, max, mas – great, big

mal – bad

matr, mater – mother

mis – hate

dogma – opinion

dura – hard

anthro – ma

fid, fig – faith

flex – bend

greg – herd

cratic – rule

All the units of length and their conversions

12 inches = 1 foot

3 feet = 1 yard

22 yards = 1 Chain

10 Chains = 1 Furlong

8 Furlong = 1 mile

12 inches = 1 foot

3 feet = 1 yard

5.5 yards = 1 Pole

4 Poles = 1 Chain

10 Chains = 1 Furlong

8 Furlong = 1 mile

6 feet = 1 fathom

110 fathoms = 1 furlong

6075.5 feet = 1 Knot(nautical mile)

3 Knots = 1 League

20 Leagues = 1 degree

Currency related conversions

12 pies = 1 anna

16 annas = 1 rupee = 100 paisa

4 farthings = 1 Penny

12 pence = 1 Shilling

12 Shillings = 1 florin

5 Shillings = 1 Crown

20 Shillings = 1 Pound

21 Shillings = 1 Guinea

Different conventions used to depict instrument lines in documents

Windsor Tie Knot Procedure

Small Tie Knot

Prince Albert Tie Knot Procedure

Half Windsor Tie Knot Procedure

Four in Hand

Cross Knot

Bow Tie

Ascot Tie Style

Legend to differentiate valves

Easily differentiate between different types of reactors

One of the ways of presenting a power plant to audience - Detailed components

How to make students learn chemical reactions easily

How Methane reacts - detailed pictorial flow makes it easy to remember

The parts of Speech answer the question

	Answers the question
Subject	Who	what
Complement	What	Whom
Modifier	Where	When	Why	How
Adverb	How

When to use an article - General Rules (There are always exceptions)

	Count Nouns		Non-Count Nouns
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
General	A / an	-	-	-
Specific	The	The	The	The

Different Pronouns in singular and plural

	Singular			Plural
Subject Pronouns	I	You	He She It	We	You	They
Comparative Pronouns	Me	You	Him Her It	Us	You	Them
Possessive Pronouns	Mine	Your	His Hers Its	Ours	Yours	Theirs
Possessive Adjectives	My	Your	His Her Its	Our	Your	Their
Reflective Pronouns	Myself	Yourself	Himself Herself Itself	Ourselves	Yourselves	Themselves

How the properties of atoms behave along the periods and groups in a periodic table

Properties	Period (periodic table)	Group (periodic table)
Atomic Radius	Decreases	Increases
Ionization Energy	Does not follow	Decreases
Electronegitivity	Increases	Decreases
Electro positive	Decreases	Increases
Oxidizing Property	Increases	Decreases
Reducing Property	Decreases	Increases

Differences between Diamond and Graphite

S.No.	Property	Diamond	Graphite
	Structure	Crystalline Solid	Gravish-black soft crystalline solid
	Density	3.51 gm/cc	2.25 gm/cc
	Arrangement of Atoms	Tetrahedral	Hexagonal
	Bond Length	1.54 A0	1.42 A0
	Bond Angle	1090281	1200
	Type of Bond	Covalent bond between carbon atoms	No strong covalent bond between the atoms in the two adjacent layers
	Conductivity	Bad conductor of heat and electricity	Good conductor of heat and electricity
	Solubility	Insoluble in any solvent	Insoluble in any solvent

Conversion of currency units

4 farthings = 1 Penny

12 pence = 1 Shilling

12 Shillings = 1 florin

5 Shillings = 1 Crown

20 Shillings = 1 Pound

21 Shillings = 1 Guinea

12 pies = 1 anna

16 annas = 1 rupee = 100 paisa

Symbolic representation of Heat Exchangers

Difference between a laminar flow and a turbulent flow

Crude Oil distillation - various products and their uses

Positive Displacement Pumps and thier depiction

Standard symbols used for centrifugal pumps

Symbols used for Storage Tanks

Is it easy to remember to English words - Yes it is by knowing what the root words mean

Dict – order

Demo – People

dol – pain, sorrow

duct, duc – lead

ego – self

eu – good, well

fac, fact, fic, fict – make, do

fer – carry

gen – birth, race

grad, gress – to step, go

ject, jet – throw

jud – judge

leg, lec, lex, locu, log – speak, read

lic, licit – permit

logo – word

luc, lum, lus – light, shine

Magn, maj, max, mas – great, big

mal – bad

matr, mater – mother

mis – hate

dogma – opinion

dura – hard

anthro – ma

fid, fig – faith

flex – bend

greg – herd

cratic – rule

Relation between different terms used for the weight measurement in different standards

3 tolas = 1 Palam

8 Palams = 1 Seer

5 Seers = 1 Viss

8 Visses = 1 maund

20 maunds = 1 candy

16 ounces = 1 Pound

14 Pounds = 1 Stone

2 Stones = 1 Quarter

4 Quarters = 1 hundred wt.(cwt)

20 cwts = 1 ton

1000 gms = 1 Kg

100 Kg = 1 Qunital

10 Quintals = 1 metric tonne

Relation between various terms used in Area calculation

120 Sq. Yards = 1 Sq. Rood

4 Sq. Roods = 1 acre

640 acres = 1 Sq. mile

Measurements - Length (inter relation between various terms related to length)

12 inches = 1 foot

3 feet = 1 yard

22 yards = 1 Chain

10 Chains = 1 Furlong

8 Furlong = 1 mile

12 inches = 1 foot

3 feet = 1 yard

5.5 yards = 1 Pole

4 Poles = 1 Chain

10 Chains = 1 Furlong

8 Furlong = 1 mile

6 feet = 1 fathom

110 fathoms = 1 furlong

6075.5 feet = 1 Knot(nautical mile)

3 Knots = 1 League

20 Leagues = 1 degree

Classification of Heat Exchangers

Various commonly used functional groups with examples

Functional Group	Name	Example
- C - OH	Alcohol	CH3OH – methylalcohol
- C - CHO	Aldehyde	CH3CHO – Acetaldyhde
-C        C - O -C	Ketone	CH3COCH3 - Acetone
- C - COOH	Acid	CH3COOH – Acetic Acid
- C – O – C	Ether	CH3OCH3 – Dimethyl Ether
- C – NH2	Amine	C3H7NH2 – Propyl Amine
- C – COOR	Ester	CH3COOC2H5 – Methyl Ethyl Ester